Transmission and Risk Areas
Typhoid fever is uncommon in the UK but poses a higher risk to travellers visiting regions with poor sanitation and limited access to clean water, particularly in the Indian subcontinent, parts of Africa, Southeast Asia, and South America. The risk increases when staying with local populations or consuming local food and water (NHS, 2023).
Importance of the Vaccine
Vaccination is crucial for travellers to endemic areas, as typhoid fever can lead to severe complications, including intestinal bleeding and perforation, which can be life-threatening (NHS, 2023).
Who Should Get the Vaccine
Travellers to Endemic Areas
Individuals planning to visit high-risk regions should receive the vaccine at least two weeks prior to travel. This ensures adequate immunity before exposure (Superdrug Health Clinic, 2023).
Individuals with High-Risk Occupations
Healthcare workers or those working in laboratories handling Salmonella typhi should also be vaccinated due to their increased risk of exposure (CDC, 2023).
Signs & Symptoms
Symptoms of typhoid fever develop within a couple of weeks and include persistent high fever, weakness & fatigue, abdominal pain, diarrhoea or constipation and headaches. In severe cases, complications may arise, such as intestinal perforation or septic shock, which can lead to death if untreated (CDC, 2023).
The Vaccination
• Course: One single injection OR three capsules taken over five days; these vaccines protects you for 3 years.
• When to get vaccinated: At least two weeks before travel.
• Side effects: Side effects include fever, soreness at the injection site and digestive problems.
• Children: The vaccine is suitable for children over the age of two, however, we only vaccinate children aged 12 years and older.