Countries at risk
Diphtheria spreads mainly through respiratory droplets from coughs or sneezes. It can also be contracted from contaminated surfaces or direct contact with infected skin lesions. Risk areas include regions with low vaccination coverage, particularly in parts of Africa, South America, Eastern Europe, and Central Asia (Fit for Travel, 2023).
Importance of the Vaccine
The diphtheria vaccine is essential for preventing this serious illness. Vaccination has led to a significant decline in cases globally, with over a 90% reduction reported between 1980 and 2000 (NHS, 2023). The vaccine is safe and effective, providing about 95% immunity after the recommended doses.
Who Should Get the Diphtheria Vaccine
Vaccination against diphtheria is recommended for all individuals as part of routine immunisation schedules in the UK. Special attention should be given to:
Travellers: Those visiting areas with ongoing outbreaks or low vaccination rates should ensure they are up-to-date with their vaccinations (NHS, 2023).
Healthcare Workers: Individuals working in healthcare settings may require additional boosters.
Signs & Symptoms
Symptoms typically appear 2 to 5 days after infection. Early signs include sore throat, fever & swollen glands. In severe cases, complications can arise, including airway obstruction and damage to the heart and nervous system.
Diphtheria Vaccine Schedule and Dosage
• Course: 3 to 4 injections delivered throughout childhood and a single booster injection every 10 years.
• When to get vaccinated: You are advised to get your booster vaccination at least 2 weeks before travelling.
• Side effects: Side effects are rare but can include pain or a bump at the site of injection, high fever & fatigue. These effects are generally mild and resolve quickly.
• Children: Unfortunately, we only provide the vaccine for adults over the age of 24.