Transmission & Risk Areas
Cholera is predominantly found in areas with poor sanitation and contaminated water supplies. Regions at higher risk include parts of Africa, the Indian subcontinent, and Southeast Asia. Travellers should exercise caution regarding food and water hygiene in these areas (Patient.info, 2023).
Who Should Get the Cholera Vaccine
High-Risk Travellers
Individuals such as aid workers and healthcare professionals who will be working in areas experiencing cholera outbreaks are strongly advised to get vaccinated (NHS, 2023).
Children and Adults
The vaccine is suitable for children over two years old and adults who are travelling to high-risk areas. Special considerations may apply for children regarding dosage schedules (Superdrug Health Clinic, 2023).
Signs & Symptoms
Symptoms develop within a few hours or up to 5 days form the time of infection. Typical symptoms include watery diarrhoea, muscle cramps and or vomiting. The danger is that if the diarrhoea and vomiting are severe, they can lead to severe electrolyte imbalance and dehydration. Symptoms associated with severe dehydration include sunken eyes, bluish, cold skin and decreased skin elasticity.
Cholera Vaccine Schedule and Dosage
- Dosage for Adults: The cholera vaccine is given in two oral doses, at least seven days apart, with the final dose completed one week before travel (NHS, 2023).
- Children: Children aged 2 to 6 may need a third dose 1-6 weeks after the second. Consult healthcare providers for specific guidance.
- Side effects: Mild and temporary side effects, such as nausea and abdominal pain, are common after the cholera vaccine